Are you applying for a job that involves knowledge of Python? With the continuous growth of this versatile programming language, a career path in this field will fetch multiple opportunities. However, proper preparation is crucial for nailing the Python interview questions.
Here are some of the important interview questions that you may face in your Python-related interview. Dive in and see just how well-versed you are in this programming language.
1. What is the difference between a Shallow Copy and Deep Copy?
Deepcopy creates a different object and populates it with the child objects of the original object. Therefore, changes in the original object are not reflected in the copy.
copy.deepcopy() creates a Deep Copy.
Shallow copy creates a different object and populates it with the references of the child objects within the original object. Therefore, changes in the original object are reflected in the copy.
copy.copy creates a Shallow Copy.
2. How is Multithreading achieved in Python?
Multithreading usually implies that multiple threads are executed concurrently. The Python Global Interpreter Lock doesn’t allow more than one thread to hold the Python interpreter at that particular point of time. So multithreading in python is achieved through context switching. It is quite different from multiprocessing which actually opens up multiple processes across multiple threads.
3. Discuss Django Architecture.
Django is a web service used to build your web pages. Its architecture is as shown:
- Template: the front end of the web page
- Model: the back end where the data is stored
- View: It interacts with the model and template and maps it to the URL
- Django: serves the page to the user
4. What advantage does the Numpy Array have over a Nested List?
Numpy is written in C so that all its complexities are backed into a simple to use a module. Lists, on the other hand, are dynamically typed. Therefore, Python must check the data type of each element every time it uses it. This makes Numpy arrays much faster than lists.
Numpy has a lot of additional functionality that list doesn’t offer; for instance, a lot of things can be automated in Numpy.
5. What are Pickling and Unpickling?
| Pickling | Unpickling |
|
|
If you just created a neural network model, you can save that model to your hard drive, pickle it, and then unpickle to bring it back into another software program or to use at a later time.
6. How is Memory managed in Python?
Python has a private heap space that stores all the objects. The Python memory manager regulates various aspects of this heap, such as sharing, caching, segmentation, and allocation. The user has no control over the heap; only the Python interpreter has access.
7. How would you generate random numbers in Python?
To generate random numbers in Python, you must first import the random module.
The random() function generates a random float value between 0 & 1.
> random.random()
The randrange() function generates a random number within a given range.
Syntax: randrange(beginning, end, step)
Example – > random.randrange(1,10,2)
8. What does the // operator D]do?
In Python, the / operator performs division and returns the quotient in the float.
For example: 5 / 2 returns 2.5
The // operator, on the other hand, returns the quotient in integer.
For example: 5 // 2 returns 2
9. How would you remove all Leading Whitespace in a String?
Python provides the inbuilt function lstrip() to remove all leading spaces from a string.
>>“ Python”.lstrip
Output: Python
10. How would you replace all occurrences of a Substring with a new String?
The replace() function can be used with strings for replacing a substring with a given string. Syntax:
str.replace(old, new, count)
replace() returns a new string without modifying the original string.
Example –
>>”Hey John. How are you, John?”.replace(“john”,“John”,1)
Output: “Hey John. How are you, John?
11. What is the difference between del and remove() on Lists?
| del | remove() |
|
|
Here is an example to understand the two statements –
>>lis=[‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’]
>>del lis[1:3]
>>lis
Output: [“a”,”d”]
>>lis=[‘a’, ‘b’, ‘b’, ‘d’]
>>lis.remove(‘b’)
>>lis
Output: [‘a’, ‘b’, ‘d’]
Note that in the range 1:3, the elements are counted up to 2 and not 3.
12. How do you display the contents of a Text File in reverse order?
You can display the contents of a text file in reverse order using the following steps:
- Open the file using the open() function
- Store the contents of the file into a list
- Reverse the contents of the list
- Run a for loop to iterate through the list
13. Differentiate between append() and extend().
| append() | extend() |
>>lst=[1,2,3] >>lst.append(4) >>lst Output:[1,2,3,4] |
>>lst=[1,2,3] >>lst.extend([4,5,6]) >>lst Output:[1,2,3,4,5,6] |
14. What is the output of the below Code? Justify your answer.
>>def addToList(val, list=[]):
>> list.append(val)
>> return list
>>list1 = addToList(1)
>>list2 = addToList(123,[])
>>list3 = addToList(‘a’)
>>print (“list1 = %s” % list1)
>>print (“list2 = %s” % list2)
>>print (“list3 = %s” % list3)
Output:
list1 = [1,’a’]
list2 = [123]
lilst3 = [1,’a’]
Note that list1 and list3 are equal. When we passed the information to the addToList, we did it without a second value. If we don’t have an empty list as the second value, it will start off with an empty list, which we then append. For list2, we appended the value to an empty list, so its value becomes [123].
For list3, we’re adding ‘a’ to the list. Because we didn’t designate the list, it is a shared value. It means the list doesn’t reset and we get its value as [1, ‘a’].
Remember that a default list is created only once during the function and not during its call number.
15. What is the difference between a List and a Tuple?
Lists are mutable while tuples are immutable.
Example:
List
>>lst = [1,2,3]
>>lst[2] = 4
>>lst
Output:[1,2,4]
Tuple
>>tpl = (1,2,3)
>>tpl[2] = 4
>>tpl
Output:TypeError: ‘tuple’
the object does not support item
assignment
There is an error because you can’t change the tuple 1 2 3 into 1 2 4. You have to completely reassign tuple to a new value.
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